Lithium-ion batteries have become indispensable in our modern world, powering everything from mobile phones and laptops to electric vehicles. While their efficiency and widespread use have revolutionised technology and travel, they also pose significant risks that often go unnoticed – particularly fire hazards.
- As reported by the BBC, there was a 78% increase in e-bike fires in 2023 compared to the previous year, with 155 e-bike fires and 28 e-scooter fires recorded.
- Insurer Aviva also recently highlighted a 7% increase in customer claims for fires started by lithium-ion batteries.
Understanding these dangers is crucial as the popularity of lithium-ion batteries continues to grow.
One of the most well-known risks associated with lithium-ion batteries is their potential to catch fire or explode. This can occur due to several reasons, such as manufacturing defects, damage from impact, or exposure to high temperatures. When a battery is punctured or subjected to extreme conditions, it can experience a short circuit, leading to thermal runaway – a rapid, uncontrollable increase in temperature. This process can cause the battery to ignite or even explode, posing severe dangers to users.
Overcharging lithium-ion batteries can lead to overheating, which in turn increases the risk of fire. Most modern devices have built-in safety mechanisms to prevent overcharging, but these systems are not foolproof. Faulty chargers or damaged battery management systems can bypass these protections, leading to dangerous situations.
Safety Tips
Here are some safety tips to mitigate these risks:
- Avoid Extreme Temperatures: Do not expose lithium-ion batteries to high temperatures or direct sunlight for extended periods. Likewise, avoid charging them in extremely cold environments.
- Overcharging increases the battery voltage beyond safe limits, generating excessive heat. Always use the charger and accessories that come with your device or are approved by the manufacturer. This helps ensure compatibility and reduces the risk of overcharging or overheating.
- Inspect for Damage: Regularly inspect your devices and batteries for any signs of damage, such as swelling, leaks or punctures. Batteries that are dropped or pierced can suffer internal damage, leading to short circuits. If you notice any damage, stop using the battery immediately and dispose of it correctly.
